Carnatic Music · Foundational Exercises
Svara Varicai
— Kālam 1 —
A collection of foundational solfège exercises in Kālam 1 (first speed). Sung in either Māyāmāḷavagauḷa (s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃) or Śaṅkarābharaṇam (s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃). Most exercises are set to Ādi tāla.
Contents
I. Saraḷi Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
1.1 Saraḷi Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
02
Ts
1r
2s
3r
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2ṡ
3n
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
03
Ts
1r
2g
3s
||
Tr
Vg
||
Ts
Vr
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3ṡ
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tṡ
Vn
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
04
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Ts
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
05
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
06
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Ts
Vr
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
V,
||
Tṡ
Vn
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
07
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Ts
Vr
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tṡ
Vn
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
08
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
V,
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
V,
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
09
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tg
Vr
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vp
||
Td
Vn
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
010
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vm
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vp
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
II. Madhyasthāyi Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
2.1 Madhyasthāyi Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tp
1,
2,
3,
||
Tp
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
02
Tṡ
1,
2n
3d
||
Tn
V,
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Td
1,
2p
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
03
Tṡ
1ṡ
2n
3d
||
Tn
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Td
1d
2p
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
04
Ts
1r
2g
3r
||
Tg
V,-
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tp
1m
2p
3,-
||
Td
Vp
||
Td
V,-
||||
0
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Td
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
05
Ts
1r
2g-
3r
||
Tg
Vm-
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p-
3m
||
Tp
Vd-
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d-
3n
||
Td
Vp-
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tm-
1p
2m
3g-
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
06
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Td
1d
2p
3,
||
Tm
Vm
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3,
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
II. Madhyasthāyi Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
2.1 Madhyasthāyi Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tp
1,
2,
3,
||
Tp
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
02
Tṡ
1,
2n
3d
||
Tn
V,
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Td
1,
2p
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
03
Tṡ
1ṡ
2n
3d
||
Tn
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Td
1d
2p
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
04
Ts
1r
2g
3r
||
Tg
V,-
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tp
1m
2p
3,-
||
Td
Vp
||
Td
V,-
||||
0
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Td
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
05
Ts
1r
2g-
3r
||
Tg
Vm-
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p-
3m
||
Tp
Vd-
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d-
3n
||
Td
Vp-
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tm-
1p
2m
3g-
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
06
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Td
1d
2p
3,
||
Tm
Vm
||
Tp
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3,
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
III. Jaṇṭa Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
3.1 Jaṇṭa Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Tss
1rr
2gg
3mm
||
Tpp
Vdd
||
Tnn
Vṡṡ
||||
0
Tṡṡ
1nn
2dd
3pp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
02
Tss
1rr
2gg
3mm
||
Trr
Vgg
||
Tmm
Vpp
||||
0
Tgg
1mm
2pp
3dd
||
Tmm
Vpp
||
Tdd
Vnn
||||
0
Tpp
1dd
2nn
3ṡṡ
||
Tṡṡ
Vnn
||
Tdd
Vpp
||||
0
Tnn
1dd
2pp
3mm
||
Tdd
Vpp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||||
0
Tpp
1mm
2gg
3rr
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
03
Tss
1rr
2gg
3rr
||
Tss
Vrr
||
Tgg
Vmm
||||
0
Trr
1gg
2mm
3gg
||
Trr
Vgg
||
Tmm
Vpp
||||
0
Tgg
1mm
2pp
3mm
||
Tgg
Vmm
||
Tpp
Vdd
||||
0
Tmm
1pp
2dd
3pp
||
Tmm
Vpp
||
Tdd
Vnn
||||
0
Tpp
1dd
2nn
3dd
||
Tpp
Vdd
||
Tnn
Vṡṡ
||||
0
Tṡṡ
1nn
2dd
3nn
||
Tṡṡ
Vnn
||
Tdd
Vpp
||||
0
Tnn
1dd
2pp
3dd
||
Tnn
Vdd
||
Tpp
Vmm
||||
0
Tdd
1pp
2mm
3pp
||
Tdd
Vpp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||||
0
Tpp
1mm
2gg
3mm
||
Tpp
Vmm
||
Tgg
Vrr
||||
0
Tmm
1gg
2rr
3gg
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
04
Tss
1rr
2gs
3rg
||
Tss
Vrr
||
Tgg
Vmm
||||
0
Trr
1gg
2mr
3gm
||
Trr
Vgg
||
Tmm
Vpp
||||
0
Tgg
1mm
2pg
3mp
||
Tgg
Vmm
||
Tpp
Vdd
||||
0
Tmm
1pp
2dm
3pd
||
Tmm
Vpp
||
Tdd
Vnn
||||
0
Tpp
1dd
2np
3dn
||
Tpp
Vdd
||
Tnn
Vṡṡ
||||
0
Tṡṡ
1nn
2dṡ
3nd
||
Tṡṡ
Vnn
||
Tdd
Vpp
||||
0
Tnn
1dd
2pn
3dp
||
Tnn
Vdd
||
Tpp
Vmm
||||
0
Tdd
1pp
2md
3pm
||
Tdd
Vpp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||||
0
Tpp
1mm
2gp
3mg
||
Tpp
Vmm
||
Tgg
Vrr
||||
0
Tmm
1gg
2rm
3gr
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
05
Tss
1mm
2gg
3rr
||
Tss
Vrr
||
Tgg
Vmm
||||
0
Trr
1pp
2mm
3gg
||
Trr
Vgg
||
Tmm
Vpp
||||
0
Tgg
1dd
2pp
3mm
||
Tgg
Vmm
||
Tpp
Vdd
||||
0
Tmm
1nn
2dd
3pp
||
Tmm
Vpp
||
Tdd
Vnn
||||
0
Tpp
1ṡṡ
2nn
3dd
||
Tpp
Vdd
||
Tnn
Vṡṡ
||||
0
Tṡṡ
1pp
2dd
3nn
||
Tṡṡ
Vnn
||
Tdd
Vpp
||||
0
Tnn
1mm
2pp
3dd
||
Tnn
Vdd
||
Tpp
Vmm
||||
0
Tdd
1gg
2mm
3pp
||
Tdd
Vpp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||||
0
Tpp
1rr
2gg
3mm
||
Tpp
Vmm
||
Tgg
Vrr
||||
0
Tmm
1ss
2rr
3gg
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
06
Tss
1sr
2rr
3gg
||
Tss
Vrr
||
Tgg
Vmm
||||
Trr
1rg
2gg
3mm
||
Trr
Vgg
||
Tmm
Vpp
||||
Tgg
1gm
2mm
3pp
||
Tgg
Vmm
||
Tpp
Vdd
||||
Tmm
1mp
2pp
3dd
||
Tmm
Vpp
||
Tdd
Vnn
||||
Tpp
1pd
2dd
3nn
||
Tpp
Vdd
||
Tnn
Vṡṡ
||||
Tṡṡ
1ṡn
2nn
3dd
||
Tṡṡ
Vnn
||
Tdd
Vpp
||||
Tnn
1nd
2dd
3pp
||
Tnn
Vdd
||
Tpp
Vmm
||||
Tdd
1dp
2pp
3mm
||
Tdd
Vpp
||
Tmm
Vgg
||||
Tpp
1pm
2mm
3gg
||
Tpp
Vmm
||
Tgg
Vrr
||||
Tmm
1mg
2gg
3rr
||
Tmm
Vgg
||
Trr
Vss
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
IV. Mēlsthāyi Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
4.1 Mēlsthāyi Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1,
2,
3,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vṡ
||||
02
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1,
2,
3,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṡ
||
Tṙ
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
03
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1,
2,
3,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tġ
Vṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṙ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṡ
||
Tṙ
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
04
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1,
2,
3,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tġ
Vṁ
||
Tġ
Vṙ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tġ
Vṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṙ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṡ
||
Tṙ
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
05
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1,
2,
3,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Td
1n
2s
3r
||
Tġ
Vṁ
||
Tṗ
Vṁ
||||
0
Tġ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tġ
Vṁ
||
Tġ
Vṙ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tġ
Vṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṙ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vṡ
||
Tṙ
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1ṙ
2ṡ
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Td
1n
2ṡ
3ṙ
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
V. Mandrasthāyi Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
5.1 Mandrasthāyi Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1,
2,
3,
||
Ts
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
02
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1,
2,
3,
||
Ts
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vs
||
Tṇ
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
03
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1,
2,
3,
||
Ts
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Tḍ
Vṇ
||
Ts
Vṇ
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vs
||
Tṇ
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
04
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1,
2,
3,
||
Ts
V,
||
T,
V,
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Tḍ
Vp
||
Tḍ
Vṇ
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Tḍ
Vṇ
||
Ts
Vṇ
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vs
||
Tṇ
Vs
||||
0
Ts
1ṇ
2s
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1r
2s
3ṇ
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
VI. Dāṭu Varicai
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃ TĀLA Ādi
6.1 Dāṭu Varicai — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
01
Ts
1m
2g
3m
||
Tr
Vg
||
Ts
Vr
||||
0
Ts
1g
2r
3g
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tr
1p
2m
3p
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tr
Vg
||||
0
Tr
1m
2g
3m
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Tg
1d
2p
3d
||
Tm
Vp
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tg
1p
2m
3p
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tm
1n
2d
3n
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Tm
1d
2p
3d
||
Tm
Vp
||
Td
Vn
||||
0
Tp
1ṡ
2n
3ṡ
||
Td
Vn
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tp
1n
2d
3n
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1p
2d
3p
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tṡ
Vn
||||
0
Tṡ
1d
2n
3d
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tn
1m
2p
3m
||
Td
Vp
||
Tn
Vd
||||
0
Tn
1p
2d
3p
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Td
1g
2m
3g
||
Tp
Vm
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Td
1m
2p
3m
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vg
||||
0
Tp
1r
2g
3r
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Tp
1g
2m
3g
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tg
Vr
||||
0
Tm
1s
2r
3s
||
Tg
Vr
||
Tm
Vg
||||
0
Tm
1r
2g
3r
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
02
Ts
1r
2s
3g
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tr
Vm
||||
0
Ts
1m
2g
3r
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tr
1g
2r
3m
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tg
Vp
||||
0
Tr
1p
2m
3g
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Tg
1m
2g
3p
||
Tm
Vp
||
Tm
Vd
||||
0
Tg
1d
2p
3m
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tm
1p
2m
3d
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tp
Vn
||||
0
Tm
1n
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vp
||
Td
Vn
||||
0
Tp
1d
2p
3n
||
Td
Vn
||
Td
Vṡ
||||
0
Tp
1ṡ
2n
3d
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2ṡ
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tn
Vp
||||
0
Tṡ
1p
2d
3n
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tn
1d
2n
3p
||
Td
Vp
||
Td
Vm
||||
0
Tn
1m
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Td
1p
2d
3m
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tp
Vg
||||
0
Td
1g
2m
3p
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vg
||||
0
Tp
1m
2p
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tm
Vr
||||
0
Tp
1r
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tg
Vr
||||
0
Tm
1g
2m
3r
||
Tg
Vr
||
Tg
Vs
||||
0
Tm
1s
2r
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
✦ ✦ ✦
VII. Alaṅkāram
MĒLA s r₁ g₃ m₁ p d₁ n₃ · s r₂ g₃ m₁ p d₂ n₃
7.1 Ēka-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Ādi (8 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap palm down
·
1Little finger (kanishtha)
·
2Ring finger (anamika)
·
3Middle finger (madhyama)
·
VVeechu — wave outward
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||||
Tr
1g
2m
3p
||||
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||||
Tm
1p
2d
3n
||||
Tp
1d
2n
3ṡ
||||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||||
Tn
1d
2p
3m
||||
Td
1p
2m
3g
||||
Tp
1m
2g
3r
||||
Tm
1g
2r
3s
||||
7.2 Rūpaka-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Rūpaka (6 beats: Dhrutam + Laghu·4)
TThattu — clap
·
VVeechu — wave
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
3Middle finger
·
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
Vr
||
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||||
Tr
Vg
||
Tr
1g
2m
3p
||||
Tg
Vm
||
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||||
Tm
Vp
||
Tm
1p
2d
3n
||||
Tp
Vd
||
Tp
1d
2n
3ṡ
||||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||||
Tn
Vd
||
Tn
1d
2p
3m
||||
Td
Vp
||
Td
1p
2m
3g
||||
Tp
Vm
||
Tp
1m
2g
3r
||||
Tm
Vg
||
Tm
1g
2r
3s
||||
7.3 Tripuṭa-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Tripuṭa (7 beats: Laghu·3 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
VVeechu — wave
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
0
Ts
1r
2g
||
Ts
Vr
||
Tg
Vm
||||
0
Tr
1g
2m
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tm
Vp
||||
0
Tg
1m
2p
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
Vd
||||
0
Tm
1p
2d
||
Tm
Vp
||
Td
Vn
||||
0
Tp
1d
2n
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
Vṡ
||||
0
Tṡ
1n
2d
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Td
Vp
||||
0
Tn
1d
2p
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
Vm
||||
0
Td
1p
2m
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
Vg
||||
0
Tp
1m
2g
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tg
Vr
||||
0
Tm
1g
2r
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
Vs
||||
7.4 Maṭhya-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Maṭhya (14 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Laghu·4)
TThattu — clap
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
3Middle finger
·
VVeechu — wave
·
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
1r
2g
3r
||
Ts
Vr
||
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||||
Tr
1g
2m
3g
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tr
1g
2m
3p
||||
Tg
1m
2p
3m
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||||
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Tm
Vp
||
Tm
1p
2d
3n
||||
Tp
1d
2n
3d
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tp
1d
2n
3ṡ
||||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3n
||
Tṡ
Vn
||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||||
Tn
1d
2p
3d
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tn
1d
2p
3m
||||
Td
1p
2m
3p
||
Td
Vp
||
Td
1p
2m
3g
||||
Tp
1m
2g
3m
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tp
1m
2g
3r
||||
Tm
1g
2r
3g
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tm
1g
2r
3s
||||
7.5 Jhampa-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Jhampa (10 beats: Laghu·7 + Anudhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
3Middle finger
·
4Index finger (tarjani)
·
5Thumb (angushtha)
·
UAnudhrutam — single clap
·
VVeechu — wave
·
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
1r
2g
3s
4r
5s
1r
||
Ug
||
Tm
V,
||||
Tr
1g
2m
3r
4g
5r
1g
||
Um
||
Tp
V,
||||
Tg
1m
2p
3g
4m
5g
1m
||
Up
||
Td
V,
||||
Tm
1p
2d
3m
4p
5m
1p
||
Ud
||
Tn
V,
||||
Tp
1d
2n
3p
4d
5p
1d
||
Un
||
Tṡ
V,
||||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3ṡ
4n
5ṡ
1n
||
Ud
||
Tp
V,
||||
Tn
1d
2p
3n
4d
5n
1d
||
Up
||
Tm
V,
||||
Td
1p
2m
3d
4p
5d
1p
||
Um
||
Tg
V,
||||
Tp
1m
2g
3p
4m
5p
1m
||
Ug
||
Tr
V,
||||
Tm
1g
2r
3m
4g
5m
1g
||
Ur
||
Ts
V,
||||
7.6 Dhruva-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Dhruva (14 beats: Laghu·4 + Dhrutam + Laghu·4 + Laghu·4)
TThattu — clap
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
3Middle finger
·
VVeechu — wave
·
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||
Tg
Vr
||
Ts
1r
2g
3r
||
Ts
1r
2g
3m
||||
Tr
1g
2m
3p
||
Tm
Vg
||
Tr
1g
2m
3g
||
Tr
1g
2m
3p
||||
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||
Tp
Vm
||
Tg
1m
2p
3m
||
Tg
1m
2p
3d
||||
Tm
1p
2d
3n
||
Td
Vp
||
Tm
1p
2d
3p
||
Tm
1p
2d
3n
||||
Tp
1d
2n
3ṡ
||
Tn
Vd
||
Tp
1d
2n
3d
||
Tp
1d
2n
3ṡ
||||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||
Td
Vn
||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3n
||
Tṡ
1n
2d
3p
||||
Tn
1d
2p
3m
||
Tp
Vd
||
Tn
1d
2p
3d
||
Tn
1d
2p
3m
||||
Td
1p
2m
3g
||
Tm
Vp
||
Td
1p
2m
3p
||
Td
1p
2m
3g
||||
Tp
1m
2g
3r
||
Tg
Vm
||
Tp
1m
2g
3m
||
Tp
1m
2g
3r
||||
Tm
1g
2r
3s
||
Tr
Vg
||
Tm
1g
2r
3g
||
Tm
1g
2r
3s
||||
7.7 Aṭa-tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Aṭa (14 beats: Laghu·5 + Laghu·5 + Dhrutam + Dhrutam)
TThattu — clap
·
1Little finger
·
2Ring finger
·
3Middle finger
·
4Index finger
·
VVeechu — wave
·
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
1r
2,
3g
4,
||
Ts
1,
2r
3g
4,
||
Tm
V,
||
Tm
V,
||||
Tr
1g
2,
3m
4,
||
Tr
1,
2g
3m
4,
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
Tg
1m
2,
3p
4,
||
Tg
1,
2m
3p
4,
||
Td
V,
||
Td
V,
||||
Tm
1p
2,
3d
4,
||
Tm
1,
2p
3d
4,
||
Tn
V,
||
Tn
V,
||||
Tp
1d
2,
3n
4,
||
Tp
1,
2d
3n
4,
||
Tṡ
V,
||
Tṡ
V,
||||
Tṡ
1n
2,
3d
4,
||
Tṡ
1,
2n
3d
4,
||
Tp
V,
||
Tp
V,
||||
Tn
1d
2,
3p
4,
||
Tn
1,
2d
3p
4,
||
Tm
V,
||
Tm
V,
||||
Td
1p
2,
3m
4,
||
Td
1,
2p
3m
4,
||
Tg
V,
||
Tg
V,
||||
Tp
1m
2,
3g
4,
||
Tp
1,
2m
3g
4,
||
Tr
V,
||
Tr
V,
||||
Tm
1g
2,
3r
4,
||
Tm
1,
2g
3r
4,
||
Ts
V,
||
Ts
V,
||||
7.8 Tisra-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Tisra-Cāpu (6 beats: T T V, 2 notes per kriya)
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
VVeechu — wave (2 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||End of cycle
Ts
r
||
Ts
r
||
Vg
m
||||
Tr
g
||
Tr
g
||
Vm
p
||||
Tg
m
||
Tg
m
||
Vp
d
||||
Tm
p
||
Tm
p
||
Vd
n
||||
Tp
d
||
Tp
d
||
Vn
ṡ
||||
Tṡ
n
||
Tṡ
n
||
Vd
p
||||
Tn
d
||
Tn
d
||
Vp
m
||||
Td
p
||
Td
p
||
Vm
g
||||
Tp
m
||
Tp
m
||
Vg
r
||||
Tm
g
||
Tm
g
||
Vr
s
||||
7.9 Khaṇḍa-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — 1 — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Khaṇḍa-Cāpu (10 beats: T T || T T, first T = 2 notes, second T = 3 notes)
TThattu — first clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — second clap (3 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||Half-cycle / end of cycle
·
||End of cycle
s
r
||
g
r
s
||||
Tr
s
||
Tr
g
m
||||
r
g
||
m
g
r
||||
Tg
r
||
Tg
m
p
||||
g
m
||
p
m
g
||||
Tm
g
||
Tm
p
d
||||
m
p
||
d
p
m
||||
Tp
m
||
Tp
d
n
||||
p
d
||
n
d
p
||||
Td
p
||
Td
n
ṡ
||||
ṡ
n
||
d
n
ṡ
||||
Tn
ṡ
||
Tn
d
p
||||
n
d
||
p
d
n
||||
Td
n
||
Td
p
m
||||
d
p
||
m
p
d
||||
Tp
d
||
Tp
m
g
||||
p
m
||
g
m
p
||||
Tm
p
||
Tm
g
r
||||
m
g
||
r
g
m
||||
Tg
m
||
Tg
r
s
||||
7.10 Khaṇḍa-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — 2 — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Khaṇḍa-Cāpu (10 beats: T T || T T, first T = 2 notes, second T = 3 notes)
TThattu — first clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — second clap (3 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||Half-cycle / end of cycle
·
||End of cycle
s
r
||
Tg
s
r
||||
Ts
r
||
Tg
m
,
||||
r
g
||
Tm
r
g
||||
Tr
g
||
Tm
p
,
||||
g
m
||
Tp
g
m
||||
Tg
m
||
Tp
d
,
||||
m
p
||
Td
m
p
||||
Tm
p
||
Td
n
,
||||
p
d
||
Tn
p
d
||||
Tp
d
||
Tn
ṡ
,
||||
ṡ
n
||
Td
ṡ
n
||||
Tṡ
n
||
Td
p
,
||||
n
d
||
Tp
n
d
||||
Tn
d
||
Tp
m
,
||||
d
p
||
Tm
d
p
||||
Td
p
||
Tm
g
,
||||
p
m
||
Tg
p
m
||||
Tp
m
||
Tg
r
,
||||
m
g
||
Tr
m
g
||||
Tm
g
||
Tr
s
,
||||
7.11 Miśra-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — 1 — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Miśra-Cāpu (14 beats: V T T || V T T, V = 3 notes, each T = 2 notes)
VVeechu — wave (3 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||Half-cycle / end of cycle
·
||End of cycle
Vs
r
g
||
Ts
r
||
Tg
m
||||
Vr
g
m
||
Tr
g
||
Tm
p
||||
Vg
m
p
||
Tg
m
||
Tp
d
||||
Vm
p
d
||
Tm
p
||
Td
n
||||
Vp
d
n
||
Tp
d
||
Tn
ṡ
||||
Vṡ
n
d
||
Tṡ
n
||
Td
p
||||
Vn
d
p
||
Tn
d
||
Tp
m
||||
Vd
p
m
||
Td
p
||
Tm
g
||||
Vp
m
g
||
Tp
m
||
Tg
r
||||
Vm
g
r
||
Tm
g
||
Tr
s
||||
7.12 Miśra-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — 2 — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Miśra-Cāpu (14 beats: V T T || V T T, V = 3 notes, each T = 2 notes)
VVeechu — wave (3 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||Half-cycle / end of cycle
·
||End of cycle
Vs
r
g
||
m
g
||
r
s
||||
r
g
r
||
Ts
r
||
Tg
m
||||
Vr
g
m
||
p
m
||
g
r
||||
g
m
g
||
Tr
g
||
Tm
p
||||
Vg
m
p
||
d
p
||
m
g
||||
m
p
m
||
Tg
m
||
Tp
d
||||
Vm
p
d
||
n
d
||
p
m
||||
p
d
p
||
Tm
p
||
Td
n
||||
Vp
d
n
||
ṡ
n
||
d
p
||||
d
n
d
||
Tp
d
||
Tn
ṡ
||||
Vṡ
n
d
||
p
d
||
n
ṡ
||||
n
d
n
||
Tṡ
n
||
Td
p
||||
Vn
d
p
||
m
p
||
d
n
||||
d
p
d
||
Tn
d
||
Tp
m
||||
Vd
p
m
||
g
m
||
p
d
||||
p
m
p
||
Td
p
||
Tm
g
||||
Vp
m
g
||
r
g
||
m
p
||||
m
g
m
||
Tp
m
||
Tg
r
||||
Vm
g
r
||
s
r
||
g
m
||||
g
r
g
||
Tm
g
||
Tr
s
||||
7.13 Miśra-Cāpu tāla Alaṅkāram — 3 — Kālam 1
Tāla Kriyā — Miśra-Cāpu (14 beats: V T T || V T T, V = 3 notes, each T = 2 notes)
VVeechu — wave (3 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
TThattu — clap (2 notes)
·
|Beat group boundary
·
||Half-cycle / end of cycle
·
||End of cycle
Vs
r
,
||
Tg
,
||
Ts
,
||||
Vr
g
,
||
Tm
,
||
Tm
,
||||
Vr
g
,
||
Tm
,
||
Tr
,
||||
Vg
m
,
||
Tp
,
||
Tp
,
||||
Vg
m
,
||
Tp
,
||
Tg
,
||||
Vm
p
,
||
Td
,
||
Td
,
||||
Vm
p
,
||
Td
,
||
Tm
,
||||
Vp
d
,
||
Tn
,
||
Tn
,
||||
Vp
d
,
||
Tn
,
||
Tp
,
||||
Vd
n
,
||
Tṡ
,
||
Tṡ
,
||||
Vṡ
n
,
||
Td
,
||
Tṡ
,
||||
Vn
d
,
||
Tp
,
||
Tp
,
||||
Vn
d
,
||
Tp
,
||
Tn
,
||||
Vd
p
,
||
Tm
,
||
Tm
,
||||
Vd
p
,
||
Tm
,
||
Td
,
||||
Vp
m
,
||
Tg
,
||
Tg
,
||||
Vp
m
,
||
Tg
,
||
Tp
,
||||
Vm
g
,
||
Tr
,
||
Tr
,
||||
Vm
g
,
||
Tr
,
||
Tm
,
||||
Vg
r
,
||
Ts
,
||
Ts
,
||||
✦ svara-varicai-s · kālam 1 ✦
charming or tedious 